**网络配件中的“隐形英雄”:交换机与集线器**
在构建一个高效、稳定的网络系统时,除了我们熟知的路由器、服务器等核心设备外,还有两个常常被忽视但同样重要的网络配件——交换机和集线器。它们如同网络世界中的“隐形英雄”,默默地承担着数据传输的重任。

【网线】网络配件商家:qxy静选 年销量:017.45
售价:67.00元 领券价:67元 邮费:0.00
一、交换机
交换机,又称网络交换机或以太网交换机,是构建局域网(LAN)的核心设备之一。它的主要功能是进行数据包的转发,通过将数据包从一个端口转发到另一个端口,实现网络中各设备之间的通信。
### 特点与功能:
1. **高速度与高效性**:交换机能够根据不同的传输速率(如10Mbps、100Mbps、1Gbps等)处理数据包,大大提高了网络的传输速度和效率。
2. **自动学习与过滤**:交换机具有自动学习功能,能够自动记录并识别网络中的设备地址。同时,它还可以根据需要过滤掉不必要的数据包,减少网络拥堵。
3. **安全性**:通过访问控制和VLAN(虚拟局域网)技术,交换机可以加强网络安全管理,限制不法分子在网络中实施恶意行为。
二、集线器
集线器,又称为HUB,是一种共享媒体网络设备,它主要应用于OSI参考模型中的物理层和数据链路层。它的基本功能是将一个网段上的所有设备集中起来进行集中控制与操作。
### 特点与功能:
1. **简单实用**:集线器简单易用,通常连接多台设备共享同一资源。它有助于在较小范围内实现网络的扩展和连接。
2. **扩展性**:通过级联多个集线器,可以轻松扩展网络规模,满足不同规模的组网需求。
3. **经济实惠**:相比其他网络设备,集线器通常具有较高的性价比,是小型网络或初创企业的理想选择。

【网线】网络配件商家:idk静选 年销量:017.59
售价:67.50元 领券价:67.5元 邮费:0.00
三、英文翻译
**Invisible Heroes in Network Accessories: Switches and Hubs**

【网线】网络配件商家:qba静选 年销量:017.59
售价:67.50元 领券价:67.5元 邮费:0.00
In the construction of an efficient and stable network system, apart from the core devices such as routers and servers that we are familiar with, there are also two often overlooked but equally important network accessories - switches and hubs. They are like the "invisible heroes" of the digital world, silently taking on the responsibility of data transmission.
Firstly, a switch, also known as a network switch or Ethernet switch, is one of the core devices for building a Local Area Network (LAN). Its main function is to forward data packets by transferring them from one port to another, enabling communication between various devices in the network.
Then there is the Hub, which is also referred to as a "hub." It is a shared media network device that mainly operates in the physical layer and data link layer of the OSI reference model. Its basic function is to gather all devices on a network segment together for centralized control and operation.
In conclusion, switches and hubs play an indispensable role in today's network infrastructure. Despite being less visible than other network components, they remain essential for maintaining a reliable and efficient network connection. With their unique features and functions, these "invisible heroes" ensure smooth data transmission and efficient network operation.